Replacing Filters for a Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration System

Today is the MLK Holiday – my day off. I decided to replace the filters in my 5-stage reverse osmosis (RO) system (Watt’s Premier Water WP5). According to my record, it’s been almost two years already since I replaced the filters. The filters consist of a sediment filter (1st stage), two carbon block filters (2nd and 3rd stage), the membrane (not replaced this time due to its high cost ~ $60) and the final finishing filter or GAC filter. As it turns out, the filters were not that badly soiled. Compared to my experience in my previous San Jose home, the Sunnyvale water is a lot cleaner.

GAC = Granular activated charcoal is made from raw materials (such as coconut shells or coal) that are high in carbon. Heat is used to increase (activate) the surface area of the carbon; this is why these filters are sometimes referred to as “charcoal” filters. The activated carbon removes certain chemicals that are dissolved in water passing through a filter containing GAC by trapping the chemical in the GAC. However, other chemicals, like sodium or nitrate, are not attracted to the carbon and are not removed.

I first shut off the valve to the RO system and proceeded drained the clean water, ~ 2 gallons, from the storage tank until the water is completely drained out. I then replaced the filters from the 1st stage to the last. This took me about 1/2 hour. The key things to watch out for: 1) Have a large towel already to handle the excessive water during the removal process – even after the valve is shut off. 2) Use the paper towel to clean the inlets of the cartridges and the inside surface of the cartridges. 3) Use Teflon tape to seal the threads on the tubes going into and out of the last GAC filter.

After I was done with it, I checked the Internet for several interesting facts for my own knowledge.
1. The principle of reverse osmosis was first apply to getting solvent out of solution. It’s very interesting that the membrane act as a barrier to separate out large molecules (impurities, minerals and etc.) from the clean water. The clean water will infiltrate into the dirty water to reach an equilibrium – an osmosis process. By applying the pressure on the raw water side, thus the name “reverse osmosis,” one can separate out the clean water. It’s like using the city’s water pressure topush the clean water through the membrane, which traps the impurities. The residual impure water gets flushed out of the RO system as brine water. More diagrams below. The salt water de-salination works the same way.
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2. The zero-waste RO system redirects the brine (waste) water back to the hot water faucet for recovery. Not sure what purpose this would serve. My experience is that they tend to get drained out first because it isn’t hot enough in the first place.
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3. The permeate pump is an interesting concept to reduce the water waste. By regulating/reducing the permeate output pressure, the RO membrane can work more efficiently, wasting less water or producing less brine water. A good explanation of how it works is here.

My conclusion is that I like to keep things simple. Having more parts and more interconnects will likely make the system less reliable, thus susceptible to water leaks and other maintenance issues. The water waste is not that bad for a 3-member household like mine. It’s much harder for me to justify adding the complexity just to save a few gallons of water. Yesterday, I visited Costco and saw a new version of RO system that has a quick-release for the filters, thus making the filter replacement work a lot easier. It’s definitely a step in the right direction. They would sell more filters (~$20 per set of 4 filters, except for the membrane) because the filters are much easier to replace.

Book Review: “The Everything Fix-it Book” by Yvonne Jeffery

I picked this up from the library. I thought I could learn a few things from the abundant tips.

1. I came to appreciate how much trouble people in the extreme cold weather have to deal with, like frozen pipes, heating, ice dams and etc. Also, I’ve seen all the potential water/moisture issues associated with a basement. Not a good idea to buy a house with basement.

2. Concrete payment repair: Need to shape the concrete crack so that it’s wider at its base than its top to help the patch stay in place.

3. Reminding me to drain the hot water heater regularly (recommended monthly) to lengthen the life of the water heater. I just did this and it created such as mess!

4. The “healthy house” chapter gave a few tips on reducing allergy triggers like replacing air filter frequently, maintain good ventilation. Watch out for the VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) associated with new furniture purchases or constructions – off-gassing.

5. Clean up moisture quickly to avoid mold build up – maintain relative humidity of 30~50%. Use 1 part bleach and 4-part water to make a mold removal solution.

6. Use of graphite powder or talc to lubricate squeaky hardwood floor sounds like a good idea. I might give it a try.

7. For replacing mesh on a screen door – it’s a good idea to use 1 clamp at each corner to keep the mesh in place. I tried to do this once without the clamps and it wasn’t easy. Good tip.

Not bad to pick up a few tips after spending just a couple of hours on the book.

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Rich Dad’s “Psychology of Winning”

I received this YouTube video link from Rich Dad: http://www.richdad.com/resource/image/businessschool3day/index01_2.htm
Several of the Rich Dad advisers are in the panel of discussion discussing about their perceive winning. My main takeaways:

1. 4 kinds of people out there in the world: 1) people who needs to win, 2) people who needs to be right, 3) people who needs to be liked, and 4) people who needs to be comfortable. Each of us has some elements in ourselves.

2. The “ungodly” desire to win may result in not associating yourselves with some friends who’s not on the same page any more – the natural selection of friends.

3. Once you get the taste of winning and if you enjoy what you’re doing, you want to keep doing it. It’s addictive.

4. Losing is not bad; it’s how you take it. You should be grateful that you can you another shot at it. Most of the advisers are ‘C’ students, whose desire to beat the ‘A’ students is what drive them to the business world and become entrepreneurs.

5. When people have certain handicap or disadvantages, they would ask “why me?” But If you have certain talents, people usually don’t question “why me?” Instead, one should examine if this is your mission in life to succeed and do better than others.

6. Robert talked about his Vietnam tour as the helicopter pilot. Potential of “dying is the best thing” that could happen. You have the best and not complacent to survive in that world. This transfers to his business life as well.

7. Being a entrepreneur means that you don’t have a paycheck. There is no human resource department to complain to. But it places you to play against the best on the street. It’s a game of winner takes all and it’s rewarding.

The panel first came across as arrogant but then it’s supposed to be a wake up call to the people like me, who probably falls into the category of the people who needs to be comfortable. Does that mean all salary people are losers? Can you continue to win in the professional world? How does that work in a big corporation? Or does it mean going to a start up company and associate yourself with the like-mind who wants to win, not just to be comfortable? Something to think about.

Power of Five – Motivation Marketing Forces by Robert Imbriale

I listened to this audio CD from Dan Kennedy: “Motivation Marketing: How to effectively motivate your prospects to buy now, buy more and tell their friends too.”

These are the five buttons to push to motivate people to buy:

1. To be connected and loved. We all want to be connected and be part of community. Like the “Cheers” song, “we will want to be go where people know our name.”

2. Get something for free or at a bargain price. “Free” always catches people’s eyes. “Sale” is the next best thing.

3. Magic bullet/potion/formula to get rich or solve our complex problem. Certain “diet” can help us lose weight and solve our weight problem.

4. Make our dream come true. (Aspiration marketing). We need to elevate beyond ordinary reason for buying. For example, the dream house or dream vacation on the beach.

5. Fear or security. We’re afraid of missing an opportunity – “sales ends by xxx day.” It could be the fear of negative consequences like a fire for buying hazard insurance.

Robert touched on some of the on-line marketing method like using Google adword as small classified. I’ll probably read the book of the same title sometime later. It seems interesting enough.

Book Review: “The 4-hour work week : escape 9-5, live anywhere, and join the new rich” by Timothy Ferriss

The title of the book was very appealing; it’s been in the top 20 list for a while. I read this book while on vacation for three weeks while traveling in Taiwan. The message strikes a chord. At first, the author sounds like a spoiled brat advocating people to become the new rich (NR), re-thinking what you’re doing and to use the time to travel around the world. I am still skeptical but I did learn a few things from the book about re-thinking what I’m doing day in and day out and perhaps apply some of his elimination/automation techniques to free up some time to re-align my own career and to achieve to the best of my capability. I’m not sure I want to pack up my bag and start “vagabonding” but I certainly should slip in more vacation time to “see” the world.

The author offers the DEAL method: D (definition), E (Elimination), A (Automation) and L (Liberation).
For the “Definition,” the author threw away the standard time management techniques and went into something more fundamental on why we even spent the time to do the tasks. Some of the suggestions are standard: like 80/20 rules, Parkinson Law (tasks are expanded to fill the time: keep a time limit on any task, especially delegated tasks), and batching (group all similar tasks together for higher efficiency). But the other suggestions are a little uncommon, like “do not multi-task” (not efficient), “selective ignorance” (this may sound irresponsible and is sure less stressful) , “non-finishing” (don’t feel obligate to finish things if it doesn’t serve your goal), “selective meetings” (keep the sharp focus of meetings to reach agreement, anything else can be done on emails. Use the “puppy-dog close” (reversible) to get away with anything).

In the Elimination category, the author offers ways to delegate tasks to “virtual assistants” taking advantage of the global outsources from India and China. Evidently, there are quite a few things you can offload to the your virtual assistants like shopping for gifts, basic researches and etc. When working with your delegates, use the “criticism sandwich” – sandwich the criticism between complements.

On Automation, the author offers a few ideas on how to put on income autopilot. 1) Pick a niche market, 2) Brainstorm product ideas (able to put benefits in one sentence, costs $50~$200, takes 3~4 weeks to manufacture, explain in FAQ’s, 3) Resell, license or create. He suggests one becomes an expert in order to sell ideas by 1) joining trade org, 2) read 2 ~3 top allies boards, 3) give free seminar, 4) write article and join profnet.
Of course, the hardest part is to come up with some profitable ideas that meet the above criteria. Putting them in autopilot should be easier once the market has been identified.

On Liberation, the author debates about the meanings of life, which I wholeheartedly agree, i.e. to love, to be loved and continued learning. He also offers ideas how to maximize your dollars while traveling.

Overall, the income ideas seems interesting and plausible. I’ll probably give it a try. But my main take aways are around the “elimination” and delegation of tasks. Reading this book while vacationing for 3 weeks in Taiwan really gives me different perspectives. It allows me to step back and see how deep I have been in this rat race. Shouldn’t we all step out once in while and smell flower and see all the beauty in the world? After all, we only get to live once. It would be so good to travel, explore and soak in all the cultures. I probably cannot handle the lifestyle of vagabonding but doing this once a while is rather refreshing.

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Book Review: “No B.S. Time Management for Entrepreneurs” by Dan Kennedy

Most of the book contents are similar to other time management tools. My main take-aways:

1. Your time is more valuable to you than you imagine if we go by the author’s calculation method that the time wasted may be our “productive” time. And our productive time is a relative small percentage of our working hours. The author has a formula to calculate the actual productive time. It’s probably in order of 20~30% of our working hours.

2. Lots of traveling tips, like having people to travel to your site, as most of time wasted for a professional like Dan Kennedy’s are the wasted time in the airport, plane and the sick time after the travel. Be selective on your decision to travel and make the best of the travel time.

3. The book seems to be a hodge podge of notes from his “productive” writing or talk shows. It is not as organized as it should be.

4. Do the important stuff that drive toward your goals. Packing a nice boxes, as in his example, may not the important work to drive you toward your goals.

5. His advocate of using FAXes seems to be out-dated but he’s very careful not to have people rob him of his productive time, especially office time. He recommends to stay out of office and work from home but I don’t think this works for a manager who need to oversee the people.

Making good use of the productive time is the key message here. Since the book is relative short, it’s probably a productive use of my time.

Thoughts from my 3-week vacation in Taiwan

Here are my thoughts after spending 3 weeks (12/10/2007 ~ 1/01/08) vacationing in Taiwan:

1. Foods are still good but no long have the same appeal as before, except for sugar canes. Even when we were visiting Tainan’s eateries, we did not feel they were as tasty as we use to feel. Or perhaps, we ate so many of them at the same time, we couldn’t distinguish the tastes any more.

2. Living in a high-density community like most of Taiwanese does have its pluses and minuses. The pluses are the community resources like pool, KTV, gym, and other facilities. The minuses are the noise level, poor air quality.

3. Transportation (subway and buses) in Taipei is very impressive. The bullet train (Taiwan High-speed Rail) is fast and world-class except for the decor inside the train. The Yoyo card was implemented seamlessly.

4. Lives are hard in southern Taiwan. Things are not cheap (except pastry) relative to USA. Business volumes are way down in Tainan and Kaoshiung (I was told). What’s going on there? Perhaps, the investment money are just flowing out of Taiwan altogether.

5. Taiwan is still beautiful but the tourist attractions are still not world class. Kenting is close but the transportation to get there is still primitive. Maokong Gondola and Yinge and Jiofeng are very nice.

6. Fresh air is hard to come by. Noises from constant marketing promotion (like all the control within a movie theater) fills the air when one enters the department store and movie theater. Compared to Taiwan, USA is a very quiet place with fresh air.

7. Seeing my grandmother. It’s so cool to see my grandmother at 92 years old. She’s still as sharp as ever but is bed ridden – not able to get out of the bed. She was glad to see us family.

8. Seeking out and meeting an old friend after 30 years. Wow! what a bonus to be able to contact an old junior high-school friend by searching on Google. The two families met for a short while and had a wonderful dinner in Kaoshiung. Thanks, Dr. Yeh!

This is by far the longest vacation I’ve even taken that I can remember. It was nice and relaxing – I felt fully charged and was able to tackle the 2000+ emails waiting for me.

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